Pneumatic tool.



'No. 734,765. PATENTED JULY 28, 1903.

Y w. H. SOLBY.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

APPLICATION IIIIED JUNE 3, 1902.

H0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES [NI/EN TOR .4 Tron/m5 I No. 734,765. I

WILLIAM H. so E ,-oF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR or, ONE

Patented July 28, 1903;

FFICE.

HALF TO THOMAS H. DALLETT, or CHEYNEY, AND GEORGE A. DALLETT, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, TRADING As THOMAS H. DALLETT AND COMPANY, A FIRM.

PNEUMATIC TOOL.

sPEciFroATroNrormIn part of Letters Patent No. 734,765, dated July 28, 1903.

I Application filed June 3 1902. Serial No. 110,033. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known thatjI, WI LIAM H. SoLnY, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Philuseful Improvement inPneumatic Tools, of

which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being-had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

Speaking generally, the object of my invention is to produce a pneumatic tool the piston or hammer of which will have a long traverse in the cylinder, although the length of I the piston or hammer itself may be small.

a I will first describe the embodiment of my invention shown in the accompanying draw- I ings and then point outthe invention in the claims. I

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal A section 011 line 1 1 of Fig. 4. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing all the parts in the reverse position. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on line 3 3, Fig. 5. Fig. dis a transverse seetion on line 4 4 Fig.1. Fig. 5 is a transverse V section on line 5 5, Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a transverse section on line 6 6, Fig.1. Fig. 7 is a transverse section on line 7 .7, Fig. 2. Fig.

8 is a transverse section on line 8 8, Fig. 2.

I so Fig. 9 is a transverse section on line 9 9, Fig.

I 1. Fig. 10 isatransverse section on linelO 10,

Fig. 1.

A is the piston-chamber, B the valve-chamber, both within the casing O. From the valve- 5 chamber B a passage 1) extends through the casing, opening into the upper end of the piston-chamber, and b is a passage from the valve-chamber extending through the casing and opening into the lower end of the piston- 4o chamber through the port b 3 the passage (Z extends downward through the casing and has the ports d and d opening into the piston-chamber A. Within the piston-chamber A is the piston E and the mov: able cylindrical sleeve or pilot-valve F. The piston E is quite short, while the sleeve F, which, as will hereinafter appear, is practically a pilot-valve, extends substantially the entire length of the piston -chamber A, its

range of movement being about five-eighths of an inch. On the bottom it rests upon, a projection f'from the casing. Near the lower end of the piston-chamber is a port f, leading directly through the casing, terminating in the annular groove f in the casing.

G is an annular orifice in the casing opposite'the port (1 and G is a similar annular groove in the casing opposite port (Z In the sleeve F at its lower end and around the same are orifices f In the sleeve above the point and around the same are the orifices f". Above these orifices in the sleeve are other orifices f in the sleeve. Above the lastmentioned orifices is the annular groove f around the sleeve. Near the top of the sleeve is theannular groove f around the sleeve. f and f are orifices in the casing to the atmosphere.

The operation of the tool is as follows: Starting with the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, the passage 1) is opento the live-air supply, which passes downward through the orifices f port (1 and passage (Z to one side of the valve-piston. The passage (Z from. the other side of the valve-piston is incommunication through port (1* with the orifice f leading to the exhaust. This causes the valve to shift, so that the passage 1) is connected with" the exhaust and the passage bis in connection with the source of air-supply. The piston E and sleeve F will then commence to sition shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the orifices f in the sleeve F are in communication with low the piston will pass through port (Z and passage (Z to the valve-chamber, shifting the valve.- When the valve is shifted, the passage I) will be connected with the air-supply and the passage 1) with the exhaust. The piston and sleeve will then commence to move downward, but the sleeve having but a short movement will reach its ultimate downward position, Fig. 1, before the piston reaches the position shown in Fig. 1. The downward movement of the sleeve causes the opening f in the sleeve to coincide with the annular groove f The purpose of this is that in the downward movement of the piston the air be low it may be exhausted quickly and directly, instead of relying upon the long passage Z) to exhaust. When the piston in its downward movement has passed below the openings or orifices f", the live air above the piston will pass through said orifices into the passage d to one side of the valve, while the other side of the valve through the passage (Z and port 01 will be in communication with the exhaust through the orifices f. This completes one cycle of operation. As may be seen I have, in effect, an auxiliary or pilot-which in advan cc of the piston. adjusts the ports and passages, so that in the subsequent passage of the piston the reversal is accomplished. I can thus arrange a cylinder of indefinite length and with a piston of small length obtain a long stroke.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is I 1. In a pneumatic tool, in combination a piston-chamber and piston therein,aValve-chamber and a main valve'therein, a pilot, or supplemental valve in the piston-chamber adapted to act in advance of the piston and connect one main-valve-operating passage with the piston-chamber.

2. In a pneumatic tool, in combination a piston -chamber and piston therein, avalve-chamber and a main valve therein, a pilot or supplemental valve in the piston-chamber adapted to act in advance of the piston and to connect one main-valve-operating passage with the piston-chamber and the other main-valveoperating passage with the exhaust.

.3. In a pneumatic tool, in combination a piston-chamberand piston therein, a valve-chamber and a main valve therein, a pilot or supplemental valve in the piston-chamber adapted to act in both directions in advance of the piston, in one direction to connect one mainvalve-operating passage with the pistonchamber and the other main-valve-operating passage with the exhaust and in the other direction to connect the last-mentioned valveoperating passage with the piston-chamber and the first-mentioned main-valve operating passage with the exhaust.

4; In a pneumatic tool, a pilot or supplemental valve in the piston-chamber adapted to act in advance of the piston and in one direction opening a passage in front of the piston from the piston chamber directly to the atmosphere.

5. In a pneumatic tool, a valve -ehamber and valve, a piston-chamber and piston, a passage leading fromthe valve-chamber to the upper end of the piston adapted to be connected by the movement of the valve with the source of pressure-supply or exhaust, avalveoperating passage leading to the piston-chamber, a supplemental or pilot valve in the piston-chamber acting in advance of the piston and adapted in its movement to connect said valve-operating passage directly to the pistonchamber or to the exhaust dependent upon the direction of movement of said pilot or supplemental valve.

6. In a pneumatic tool, in combination with K a valve-chamber and valve, a piston-chamber and piston, apassage leading from the valvechamber to the upper portion of the pistonchamber, a passage leading from the valvechamber to the lower portion of the pistonchamber said passages being, in the movement valve-operatin g passage with an exhaust and vice versa in the other direction of movement.

7. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve-chamber, a valve in said chamber, a piston-chamber, a piston in said chamber, passages and ports controlled extending from the valve-chamber to opposite ends of the piston-chamber controlled by the valve and valve-operating passages extending from opposite sides of the valve to the piston-chamber, and a pilot or supplemental valve in the piston-chamber acting in advance of the piston and controlling the connection of said valve-operating passages with the pistonchamber and exhaust.

8. In a pneumatic tool, in combination a valve-chamber and valve, a piston-chamber and piston, a sleeve in the piston'chamber surrounding said piston and of greater length than the piston, a valve-operating passage extending from one side of said valve to the piston-chamber, said passage being adapted to be covered by said sleeve, orifices in said sleeve adapted in the movement of the sleeve to register with said passage and connect it with the piston-chamber Within said sleeve.

ICC

IIC

9. In a pneumatic tool in combination, a valve-chamber and valve, a piston-chamber and piston, a sleeve in thepiston-chamber surrounding said piston and of greater length 3 than said piston, a valve-operating passage extending from one side of the valve to the piston-chamber, said passage being adapted to be-covered by said sleeve, there being a groove on the outer surface of said sleeve adapted in the movement of the sleeve to reg ister with said passage, orifices from said piston-chamber directly to the atmosphere, the

position of said orifice being such that the piston chamber, a valve operating passage I from the opposite side of the valve to the piston-chamber, said passages being adapted to be closed by the sleeve, there being two sets of orifices in the sleeve adapted in the movement of the .sleeve'in one direction to connect one valve-operating passage with the piston-chamber within the sleeve and in the movement in the other direction to connect the other valve-operating passage with the pistonchamber within the sleeve.

11. In a pneumatic tool, in combination, a valve-chamber and valve, a piston-chamber and piston, a, sleeve in the piston-chamber surrounding the said piston and of greater length than the piston, a valve-operating passage extending from one side of the valve to the piston-chamber, a valveoperating passage from the opposite side of the valve to the piston chamber, said passages being adapted to be closed by the sleeve, there being two sets of orifices in the sleeve, adapted in the movement of the sleeve in one direction to connect one valve-operating passage with the piston-chamber within the sleeve and in the movement in the other direction to connect the other valveoperating passage with the piston-chamber Within the sleeve, there being two sets of orifices extending from the piston chamber directly to the atmosphere, there being two grooves in the outer surface of the sleeve, the position and arrangement of grooves, exhaust orifices and passages being such that in the movement of the sleeve in one direction one set of exhaustorifices is connected with one valve-operating passage through the medium of one groove, while in the movement of the sleeve in the other direction the other set of exhaust-orifices is connected with the other valve-operating passage through the medium of the other groove.

12. In a pneumatic tool, in combination with a piston-chamber and piston therein,

IVILLIAM H. SOLEY,

Witnesses:

M. M. HAMILTON, M. F. ELLIS. 

